Boiler steam baffling and dry pipe



Oct. 23, 1945.

c; A. BONVILLIAN EI AL 2,337,239 BOILER STEAM BAFFLING AND DRY PIPE Filed Sept. 24, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 w INESLSES. v I I IINVENTOR;

WQM I C. A. BONVILLIAN EI'AL B/OILER STEAM BA'FFLING AND DRY PIPE Oct. 23, 1945.

Filed Sept. 24, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 23, 1945 BOILER STEAM BAFFLING AND DRY PIPE Claude A. Bonvillian, United States Navy, and

Ralph C. Brierly, Narberth, Letvin, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application September 24 1942, Serial No. 459,509

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as

and Samuel 8 Claims.

amended April 30, 1928; 370 G. 757) Our invention relates to vapor generators and more particularly pertains to water tube boilers of the type having one or more elevated steam drums and one or more lower or water drums. The elevated steam drum or drums will normally of water and steam.

of the boiler.

pose.

cated at the top or near the top of the inner surface of the steam drum. We accomplish this reduction in geysering force and translation toward the dry pipe by utilizing a solid b-aifle plate preferably concentric with the inner lower surface of the. steam drum located a short distance above The apertures of the upper plate We are cognizant of .5 v be operated with the water level at the horizontal r the exit ends of thejboiler tubes. The purpose of centerline of the drum or either slightly below a this solid baffle is to Provide an obstacle against or above it. When such a boiler is employed on which impact is largely expended and the path shipboard, the water level may be partially ro- 'of steam-Water mixture simultaneously altered. d With respect to t e horizontal centerline 10 If the steam generation in individual tube rows when the vessel is rolling or assume various angles varies to such an extent that additional partito the longitudinal centerline of this drum. The tioning is desirable to distribute the mixture more tube bank Or banks and the water drum or drums equally to the two sides or ends of the steam drum, are normally filled either with water or mixture lateral bafiles (either solid or perforated) parallel to the longitudinal axis 'of the steam drum may Ou nven es an p v t over be located between the lower surface of the drum previouds methods of treducirtig turlgule ce, gey and the solid bafiie plate mentioned; these longian e ainmen of Wa er in he steam drum tudinal supplementary bafiies parallel and genaS We as reducing the amount of Steam in erally radial to the longitudinal axis of the steam gvatertglovgng tgr thetdogncorirsierdtubes pg drum may also be utilized partly to strengthen Tom 6 5 93m 11m 0 t eWa rum Tums the solid plate baffle structure. The sides (and, 7 if necessary, the ends) of this concentric solid b We are cognizant of the perforated, submerged baflie are left open to provide space for the egress fi g g gggfi z i gi g g igg g ssgi g of the steam-water mixture which passes thence i I r upward to-and through aperforated, submerged 1932, and of the multiple steam bafll ng mv plate having apertures calculated by recognized gr Glglette and Brlerly, dlsclosed mathematical principles to assure reasonable uni- Til 3 2 granfied a 1942- formity of distribution and/or dispersion of the age l app able to boners Pperatmg i mixture. The two principal plates, one solid, the t stfaammg rates current at the time of other perforated as described are normally to be mceptlor} P provedin some instances of n' employed in conjunction with the screen steam quate utlhty in boilers l i l" thetsieaming baflling' described in the specifications of the rates and drum Steam rehevmg areas pres Gillette-Brierly'patent mentioned above but may entlypbtammgfl Whereas in the Donald patent be employed alone or in connection with other mentioned, by far the majorportion of the steam 3 types of Steam Separators or devices for steam generated was evolved n the fires1de tube rows, purification the outer tube rows acting as downcomers 1n the or Series of plates as required need not be circular manner described in the specification thereof 1n fact,-1n some instances slots or V shaped disand whereas in the Gillette-Brlerly patent menp I tioned the tubes all spouted steam with circulat- 40 222%? Pemngs have p oved equally or more ing water supplied to these tubes byexternal con W e i in no Wa concerned wth r d nections or downcomers, present conditions have carryover in teamflvhi h an d ft i so multiplied the quantity of steam'released by f th 11 s i t 8 sur such tubes and so increased the force of geysering 0 t e 1 i g t e i? e mstancilwhere or impact that the screens mentioned in. the er eve i f 5 8 an extept t a h specifications of the said applications in turn are i ig zig g gg z g g f f g gm z i i a roachin inade uac for their intended urpp g q y I than below the water level.

his the object ofour invention to reduce the m g 'I 0t reducmg Water m Y after carry over of liquid with the steam in the same its liberation from the surface of the liquid; these manner as described in the specifications for the y b used m conlunctlon W1th our d Wlth Gillette-Briefly patent but simultaneously to re- W Q- the screen baffimg dliscnbed m the duce the force of geysering and of translatio of pecifications for the aforement oned Gillette- 'water particles toward and into the dry pipe 10- Briefly patent but have no bearmg upon them except to improve their functioning by further Inspection of tubes or their cleaning may re-- quire removal of all screen baffling and perforated or solid bafiling from the steam drum. For this reason, we prefer an embodiment of our invention which will facilitate removal of all baffling from the steam drum. This may be ac-- complished by assembling each plate or screen in the form of panels which may be progressively and rapidly removed through the manhole or man holes of the drum or drums of the boiler.

The nature of our invention will become apparent from the final and detailed description when considered in connection with the accompa'nying drawings forming a 'part thereof and in which:

Figure 1 is a transverse, vertical sectional view, showing more or less diagrammatically, the steam generator embodying our invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse, vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the steam and water drum shown in Figure 1'; and 1 Figure 3 is an isometric sectional view of po tions "of the dispersing baffle plates in which the present invention resides and which also have been shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Like characters of reference refer to the same or similar parts through-the several views.

While we have shown our invention in the drawing in connection with an A type express boiler and utilized in conjunction with screen baffling of the general type disclosed in the Gillette Brierly patent, it is to be specifically understood that we do not limit its use to this particular type of boiler or-to application in conjunction with the previously patented or patent applied for screen baffles. The invention will attain equal efiiciency when applied to any other type of water tube boiler where the tubes under the drum or drums submerge below the water level.

Referring to the drawings, ter I0 designates the upper or steam and water drum of a steam generator embodying the inventio'n, having spaced lower or water drums H and 12 which are connected to the drum in by banks of tubes 13 and 14, respectively. The fur- 1 nace, not shown in the drawings, is locatedunder and between the banks of tubes l3 and M. The series of tubes close to the furnace are subjected to radiant as well as to convection heat while the tubes further out in the bankare normally subjected to progressively diminishing gas curved and in contact with the inner wall of the drum. As previously stated, a number of aperreference charactured plates I 6 in superimposed and spaced relationship can be installed in this area as required.

As shown, one or more separating strips ll parallel and generally radial to the longitudinal axis ofthe steam drum may be installed to separate and deflect the mixture from selected rows of tubes toward the sides or ends of the steam drum. Should installation of multiple separating strips similar to the one numbered ll be indicated, the steam-water mixture can be caused to pass to the ends of the solid baflle plate. As shown in Fig. 2, the front and rear ends of the baffle plates below the bafile l6 are closed with end plates I8 of solid metal. The ends of the baflle plates between the plate 16 and the uppermost plate iii are closed by perforated plates or screens I8. The baflle plates l8 and I8 prevent surgin or bumping of the steam-water mixture from the ends of the baffle plates.

The plates l5, I6, I! and [8, in which the present invention primarily resides, are shown in conjunction with multiple screen bafiling l9 and a special form of dry pipe 20 disclosed in a separate application for patent filed by us concurrentl'y herewith, wherein, in one form, the dry pipe openings are moved as close as possible to the inner surface of the vapor drum, farthest from the water level without impeding steam flow to the apertures and without altering the form of the apertures, and in another form, the same result is obtained without change in the cross-section of the dry pipe but through an alteration residing entirely in the form of the aperture or apertures of the pipe. Although superior performance has been found possible through the use of plates, I6, I! and [8 in conjunction with the screen baffle I9 and the special form of dry pipe 20, use of our invention is not confined, as previously stated, to boilers in which screen baffling and/or special forms of dry pipe are utilized. A number of types of steam-water separators or steam purifiers of which we are cognizant may be satisfactorily employed in conjunction with our invention.

.It will be perceived from the foregoing that by the use of this invention the forces of impact and geysering of the steam-water mixture at the ends of the tubes will be so deflected and dispersed that relatively greater quiescence of mixtrue will exist above the upper, aperture containing, plateor plates and that greater uniformity of distribution or dispersion to'such screen baffiing or other separating devices as may be simultaneously employed will be increased. Moreover, in the steam and water mixture which passes to the external ci'rculators or downcomers, there will be a reduction in steam content of the mixture, greater uniformity of distribution of the steam which may remain in th mixture and reduction in the particle size thereof, thus reducing tendencies toward steam pocketing .in the circulation circuit of the boiler, simultaneously permitting higher rates of operation of the entire circuit to be obtained without carryover, The

invention further minimizes, moisture carryover when utilizing high water level or high contamination of feed water such as may exist in the a form of sodium chloride, high alkalinity, or excessive' total solids, as well as "other impurities whichmay occur from evaporator or condenser leakage or other contamination sourcesfihighly important considerations in boilers for-marine use. Inasmuch as changes and details'of construction,proportion, and arrangement of parts which may be consummated in the form of the invention disclosed without departing from the principles thereof, it will be understood that our invention is not to be limited except by the scope of the appended claims.

The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States for government purposes without the payment of any royalty thereon.

, What we claim is:

1. In a vapor generator having an elongated drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate baffle extending longitudinally in the drum to a point short of one end of the drum, said bafile being spaced from the inner wall of the drum and from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baiile being constructed and arranged to providean outlet for the flow of vapor and liquid mixture from below the baffle, a perforated bafile extending longitu: dinally in the drum above the imperforatelbaflle and in spaced relationship thereto and in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperforate baffle, both of said baflles being disposed below the normal liquid level in the drum, and, an imperforate end plate extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the end of the bafiles adjacent said one end of the drum and extending between the perforate baffle and the inner wall of the drum.

2. In a vapor generator having an elongated drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate baffle in the drum spaced from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baflle being constructed and arranged to provide an outlet for the flow of vapor and liquid mixture from below the bafile, a perforated baffle above the imperforate baille and in spaced relationship thereto and in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperforate bafile, another perforated baffle spaced above the first mentioned perforated baffle and in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid flowing upwardly in the drum, each of said baffles extending longitudinally of the drum and below the normal liquid level therein to a point short of one end thereof, an imperforate end plate, and a perforated end plate, both of said end plates extending transversely of the longitudinal axis of the drum at the end of the baffles adjacent said one end of the drum, the imperforate end plate extending between the inner wall of the drum and the perforate baffle and the perforate end plate extending between the perforate bafile and said other perforate baille.

3. In a vapor generator having an elongated drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate baflle extending longitudinally in the drum to a point short of one end of the drum, said baffle being spaced from the inner wall of th drum and from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baffle having a terminal portion in'spaced relationship with the inner wall of the drum, a perforated baffle extending longitudinally in the drum above the imperforate baffle and in spaced relationship thereto and. in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing up-' wardly from below the imperforate baflle, both of said baffles being disposed below the normal liquid level in the drum, and an imperforate end plate extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the end of the bafiles adjacent said one end of the drum and extending between the perforate bafile and the inner wall of the drum.

4. In a vapor generator having an elongated. drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate bafile extending longitudinally in the drum to points short of the opposite ends of the drum, said baffle being spaced from the inner wall of the drum and from the discharge ends of some at least of thevvapor generating tubes and disposed in the both of said baffles being disposed below the norma] liquid level in the drum, and imperforate end plates extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the ends of the bafiles adjacent said opposite ends of the drum and extending between the perforate baffle and the inner wall of the drum.

5. In a vapor generator having an elongated drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate b aflle extending longitudinally in the drum to a point short of one end of the drum, said bafile being spaced from the inner wall of the drum and from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baffle being constructed and arranged to provide an outlet for the flow of vapor and liquid mixture from below the baffle, a perforated bafile extending longitudinally in the drum above the imperforate baffle and in spaced relationship thereto and in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperforate baffle, both of said baliles being disposed below the normal liquid level in the drum, the perforations in said perforated bafile being arranged therein so as to assure equality of distribution of vapor particles in the mixture of vapor and liquid above said perforated baffle, and imperforate end plates extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the ends of the baffles adjacent said opposite ends of the drum and extending between the perforate b aille and the inner wall of the drum.

6. In a vapor generator having a cylindrically shaped, substantially horizontally extending drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, a substantially semicircular shaped imperforate baflle extending longitudinally in the drum to points short of the opposite ends of the drum and conforming to the configuration of the. inner wall of the drum and spaced from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path" of flow of the vapor andliquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baiile having terminal portions below the normal liquid level: in the drum, a perforatedbafile above the imperiorate baffle and in waded relationship thereto, said perforated baille being of substantially.the same configuration as the imperforate baffle but extending over and'in spaced relationship to the terminal portions ofxsaid imper'forate baflle and into contact with the inner wall of the drum, the perforate bafile being disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and'liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperforate baifie, both of said baffles being disposed below the normal liquid level in the drum, and imperforate end plates extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the ends of the b-aflies adjacent said one end of the drum and extending between the perforate baflle and the inner wall of the drum.

7. In a vapor generator having an elongated drum and vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, an imperforate baffle in the drum spaced from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baflle being constructed and arranged to provide an outlet for the flow of vapor and liquid mixture from below the baffie, a perforated baffle above the imperforate baflle and in spaced relationship thereto and in the path of fiow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperforate baflle, another perforated baflle spacd above the first mentioned perforated balile and in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid flowing upwardly in the drum, each of said bafiles extending longitudmally of the drum and below the normal liquid level therein to points short of the opposite ends thereof, imperforate end plates, and perforated end plates, said end plates extending transversely of the longitudinal axis of the drum at the opposite ends of the baflles adjacent said opposite ends of the drum, the imperforate end plates extending between the'inner wall of the drum and the perforate bafile and the perforate end plates extending between. the perforate baflle and said other perforate battle.

8. In a vapor generator having a cylindrically shaped substantially horizontally extending drum and longitudinally extending rows of vapor generating tubes having their discharge ends connected to the drum below the normal liquid level therein, a substantially semi-circular shaped impeiforatebaffle extending longitudinally in the drum to points short of the opposite ends of the drum and conforming to the configuration of the inner wall of the drum and spaced from the discharge ends of some at least of the vapor generating tubes and disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture discharged from said tubes, said baffle having terminal portions below the normal liquid level in the drum, 2. longitudinally extending bafile disposed between the imperforate balfle and the inner wall of the drum and separating the discharge ends of one row of tubes from the discharge ends of another row of vapor generating tubes and one of the terminal portions of the imperforate baflle, a perforated baiiie above the imperforate baffle and in spaced relationship thereto, said perforated baflie being of substantially the same configuration as the imperforate bafile but extending over and in spaced relationship to the terminal portions of said imperforate baffle and into contact with the inner wall of the drum, the perforate battle being disposed in the path of flow of the vapor and liquid mixture flowing upwardly from below the imperf-orate bafile, said perforate and imperforate baffles being disposed below the normal liquid level in the drum, and end plates extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum at the ends of the bullies adjacent said opposite ends of the drum and extending between the perforate bafile and the inner wall of the drum.

CLAUDE'A. BONVTILLIAN. RALPH C- BRIERLY. SAMUEL 

